Automation instrumentIt can be divided into six categories: on-site measuring instruments, on-site control instruments, on-site instrument actuators, display and recording instruments, adjustment control instruments, and special measuring instruments. Each category can be subdivided into several subcategories.The editor of Changhui Instrument will chat with you in detail in this article.
Automation Instrumentation Definition
An automated instrument is composed of a number of automated components and is an automated technical tool with relatively comprehensive functions.Automatic instruments generally have several functions such as measurement, display, recording or measurement, control, and alarm at the same time.
Origin of automation instrumentation
The real emergence of automation instruments was in the 1980s. People effectively combined automation technology with industrial instruments through a control device, and then carried out comprehensive control through assembled electronic equipment. Later, with the continuous development of control technology , automation technology has gradually become the main tool for the development of industrial instruments, and real automated instruments have emerged.
The ever-changing new technologies such as microelectronics technology, computer technology, network communication technology and information processing technology have had a profound impact on the innovation of automation instruments, and have become a new driving force for the development of industrial automation instruments, making industrial automation instruments not only more High-speed, more sensitive, more reliable, and simpler to obtain all-round information of objects, and completely break through the traditional framework of light, mechanics, and electricity, and develop in the direction of intelligence, networking, bus, and openness.*, we use a picture to help you get the 'relative' relationship of the automation instrument family.
Automatic instrument classification
Automation instruments can be divided into six categories: on-site measuring instruments, on-site control instruments, on-site instrument actuators, display and recording instruments, adjustment control instruments, and special measuring instruments. Each category can be subdivided into several subcategories.
1. On-site measuring instruments
On-site measuring instruments are installed on industrial production sites. On-site measuring instruments can be divided into level instruments, pressure instruments, temperature instruments, flow meters, gas analysis instruments, and liquid analysis instruments.
1. Level instrument
The level instrument is an instrument that measures liquid level, solid and powder accumulation height, and liquid-liquid phase, liquid-solid phase interface position in the industrial production process.There are two measurement types of continuous measurement and discontinuous measurement of level meters: continuous level meters and limit level meters.
①Continuous level meter
Continuous level instruments can also be further subdivided into: direct-readinglevel gauge(Measure the liquid level according to the principle of fluid connectivity. Such as: glass plate water level gauge, glass liquid level gauge, quartz tube two-color liquid level gauge), capacitive liquid level gauge, buoyancy liquid level gauge (such as: magnetostrictive liquid level gauge) Level gauge, optical fiber level gauge, float level gauge, servo level gauge, float steel strip level gauge, float level gauge, magnetic flap level gauge), laser level gauge, ultrasonic level gauge, Radar level gauges (such as: pulse radar level gauges, guided wave radar level gauges), externally mounted liquid level gauges, radio frequency level gauges, differential pressure level gauges, and heavy hammer level gauges
②Limited level measuring instrument
The most common limit level measuring instruments are divided into capacitance/polar level switches, float level switches, tuning fork level switches, rotary vane level switches, and ultrasonic level switches.
2. Pressure gauge
Pressure gauges are instruments that measure medium pressure or differential pressure changes in industrial production processes.Pressure gauges can be divided into liquid column pressure gauges (such as U-tube pressure gauges, single-tube pressure gauges, inclined pressure gauges,),Pressure Transmitters, Differential pressure transmitter, pressure sensor, pressure gauge, pressure switch, glass tube liquid.
3. Temperature instrument
A temperature meter is an industrial automation instrument that measures the temperature of an object.Temperature instruments can be subdivided into glass tube liquidthermometer, Pressure thermometers, thermocouples, RTDs, temperature transmitters, bimetallic thermometers, temperature switches, optical high thermometers, radiation pyrometers, non-contact infrared thermometers.
4. Flow meter
flow meterflow meter, flow meters can be subdivided into mass flowmeters (such as Coriolis mass flowmeters, thermal mass flowmeters), positive displacement flowmeters (scraper flowmeters, waist wheel flowmeters, oval gear flowmeters), punching plate flowmeters Flowmeter, flow switch, speed flowmeter (such as: rotameter, turbine flowmeter, ultrasonic flowmeter, electromagnetic flowmeter, vortex flowmeter), open channel flowmeter, target flowmeter, differential pressure flowmeter ( Such as: orifice flowmeter, nozzle flowmeter, Venturi tube flowmeter, elbow flowmeter, V cone flowmeter, pitot tube flowmeter, uniform velocity tube flowmeter).
5. Gas analysis instrument
Gas analysis instrument is a process analysis instrument for measuring gas composition, which can be subdivided into gas chromatography/mass spectrometer, oxygen analyzer, toxic/combustible gas detection instrument, thermal conductivity analyzer, magnetic permeability analyzer, electrochemical analyzer , Infrared analyzers, ultraviolet analyzers, laser gas analyzers, photoelectric detection gas analyzers.
6. Liquid analysis instrument
Liquid analysis instruments can be subdivided into electrochemical analyzers, ultraviolet-visible light analyzers, infrared absorption spectrum analyzers, distillation range analyzers, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometers, water quality analyzers (such as: pH meters, conductivity meters, concentration/turbidity Degree meter, dissolved oxygen analyzer, residual chlorine analyzer, DOC/COD analyzer), viscosity/density meter.
2. On-site control instrument
Field instruments refer to instruments installed on the production site for measuring various process parameters, executing various control commands or converting signals and realizing communication.On-site control instruments include pneumatic control instruments, hydraulic control instruments and electric control instruments.
3. On-site instrument actuator
Field instrument actuators are divided into pneumatic diaphragm regulating valves, pneumatic diaphragm regulating valves used in conjunction with valve positioners, electric valve positioners, and intelligent electric valve positioners.
4. Display and record instrument
The display recorder is divided into paper recorder, paperless recorder,display instrument(Analog display instrument, digital display instrument, touch screen HMI and CRT display terminal, flashing alarm device.
Five, adjust the control instrument
Including PID regulator, PLC, digital control system (such as: alarm continuous control system, DCS system, FCS bus control system, ESD emergency stop system, SIS* instrument system), IPC industrial computer.
6. Special Measuring Instruments
Special measuring instruments include shaft vibration measuring instruments, shaft displacement measuring instruments,Tachometer, Weighing instrument, thickness measuring instrument, signal calibrator, flame detector, etc.
The classification of automated instruments is not static. With the development of instrument technology, the classification boundaries of some products are merged, such as busPressure Transmitters(with PID control function at the same time) is not only a field measuring instrument, but also a regulating control instrument.
The legend above is a schematic diagram of the complete automation instrument classification.The instruments produced by Changhui Instrument mainly include display instruments, flow totalizers, handheld devices, paperless recorders, regulators, temperature transmitters, monocrystalline siliconPressure Transmitters, radar level gauge, signal isolator, safety grid, safety relay, temperature sensor,thermometerMeasuring standard instruments, etc., mainly including a full range of secondary instruments, pressure, temperature, temperature standards and level instruments.
